THERMODYNAMICS

Hertz electron tube for quantitative investigations of inelastic collisions of electrons with inert gas atoms, determination of ionization energies of helium, as well as resolution of the energy states of various primary and orbital angular ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Quantitative analysis of inelastic collisions between electrons and Helium atoms  •  Determination of the ionization energy  ... more

The tube holder accommodates the entire range of tubes model S designed for practical experiments, along with their accessories such as Helmholtz coils S (1000611) and an auxiliary coil (1000645), and can also serve as the base for the discharge ... more

The Helmholtz coils are used to create magnetic fields for deflecting electron beams and are attached to the tube holder S (1014525). The tube holder allows the coils to be set up in Helmholtz configuration or at varying distances. The resulting ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Edison-Richardson-Effect, thermionic emission •  Diode characteristics, space charge region, Schottky-Langmuir law •  ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Edison-Richardson-Effect, thermionic emission •  Determining the negative charge of electrons •  Recording triode characteristics ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Luminescence of different phosphors when excited by electrons (cathodoluminescence) •  Luminescence of different phosphors when excited ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Linear propagation of cathode rays / of electron beams •  Electrostatic charging effects •  Electron deflection by ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Evidence of the particle nature of cathode beam •  Establishment of the polarity of cathode beam •  Estimation of the ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Investigate the deflection of an electron beam by a magnetic field •  Investigate the deflection of an electron beam by an electric field ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this helium-filled, partial-vacuum electron tube:  •  Discharge, evidence of positive charge carriers •  The IA – UA characteristic of a thyratron •   ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this Neon-filled, partial-vacuum electron tube:  •  Discharge, evidence of positive charge carriers •  The IA – UA characteristic of a thyratron ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this Neon-gas filled, partial-vacuum electron tube:  •  Determination of the specific charge e/m for tangential injection and perpendicular magnetic field •  Observation ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Illustration of the wave nature of electrons •  Determination of the wavelength of electrons depending on the anode voltage •  ... more

The tube holder accommodates all tubes of the series D and their accessories, such as the Helmholtz Coils D (100644) and Auxiliary Coil (100645). (1000656). The tube holder consists of a robust base plate with an upright stanchion and ... more

The Helmholtz coils are used to create magnetic fields for deflecting electron beams and are attached to the tube holder D (1008507). The tube holder allows the coils to be set up in Helmholtz configuration to generate a highly uniform magnetic ... more

The auxiliary is used to create a magnetic field perpendicular to the axis of a tube. When used in conjunction with the Helmholtz pair of coils D and S (1000644 and 1000611) and the Perrin tube D and S (1000650 and 1000616) two orthogonal ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Edison-Richardson-Effect, thermionic emission •  Diode characteristics, space charge region, Schottky-Langmuir law •  ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Edison-Richardson-Effect, thermionic emission •  Determining the negative charge of electrons •  Recording triode characteristics ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Luminescence of different phosphors when excited by electrons (cathodoluminescence) •  Luminescence of different phosphors when excited ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Linear propagation of cathode rays / of electron beams •  Electrostatic charging effects •  Electron deflection by ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Evidence of the particle nature of cathode beam •  Establishment of the polarity of cathode beam •  Estimation of the ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this highly evacuated tube:  •  Investigate the deflection of an electron beam by a magnetic field •  Investigate the deflection of an electron beam by an electric field ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this Helium-filled, partial-vacuum electron tube:  •  Discharge, evidence of positive charge carriers •  The IA – UA characteristic of a thyratron &bull ... more

The following topics can be discussed with this Neon-gas filled, partial-vacuum electron tube:  •  Determination of the specific charge e/m for tangential injection and perpendicular magnetic field •  Observation ... more